Survey

[001] Kai Li Chung, Kok Wei Tan, I Ling Ding (2026)

Lay person’s and psychology officers’ beliefs about memory, investigative interviewing and deception detection: data from Malaysia

Psychology, Crime & Law Psychology officers and lay participants in Malaysia both demonstrated significant misconceptions about memory and deception detection, with beliefs about repressed memories, gaze aversion, and behavioral… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [002] Paul K. Jäckel, David C. Dege, Ann-Christin Posten (2026)

Zur Testfairness der aussagepsychologischen Begutachtungsmethodik: eine Bayes-statistische Analyse anhand von 2000 Gutachten

Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie Neither demographic-personal nor clinical-psychological characteristics of witnesses showed clear associations with assessment outcomes. Eight Bayesian regression models revealed uncertain effect estimates, suggesting other factors (statement… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [003] Lara Warmelink (2025)

Is there a correlation between AI use and deception in students?

This is a preregistered study; no empirical findings are available yet. When conducted, it will reveal correlations between AI literacy dimensions and various deception measures. Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [004] O.V. AREFIEVA (2025)

FEATURES OF THE CONTENT OF VISUAL STIMULI OF RISK FACTORS FOR POLYGRAPH TESTING OF CANDIDATES FOR SERVICE IN THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРОФАЙЛИНГА И ДЕТЕКЦИИ ЛЖИ В ЮРИДИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ И ПСИХОЛОГИИ: ВЫЗОВЫ, ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ, БУДУЩЕЕ The study identified risk factors for deviant behavior considered important by law enforcement professionals and provided empirical guidance for developing visual stimuli appropriate for Russian… Screening & Personnel Security [005] Reni Nur Eriyani, Fathiaty Murtadho, Fernandes Arung, Endry Boeriswati (2025)

Model of Lie Cues Detection in Cross-Cultural Communication: Insights from Linguistic and Cultural Intersections

JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature) Linguistic deception cues include speech uncertainty, intonation changes, and ambiguous expressions, while cultural norms like family honor (siri) in Bugis-Makassar culture significantly shape how lies… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [006] Shuguang Jiang, Jiahong Li, Jialong Wu (2025)

Cognitive Ability, Overconfidence, and Confirmation Bias in Lie Detection

Detection accuracy was only slightly above chance with better performance on truths than lies; females outperformed males who showed greater overconfidence; cognitive ability did not… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [007] Gordon Barnes (2025)

Damned If You Don’t: Public Perceptions of Polygraph Testing and Suspect Willingness to Be Tested

Legal and Criminological Psychology Survey of 302 individuals found the average public rating of polygraph accuracy was 71% for detecting deception and 67% for truthfulness. Willingness to take a… Legal & Policy Studies [008] Rebecca Wilcoxson, Emma L. Turley (2024)

What Are We Teaching Future Australian Criminal Justice Practitioners About Lie Detection? A Review of Criminology Textbooks

Journal of Criminal Justice Education Of 95 textbooks examined in Queensland criminal justice programs, only 7.4% discussed deception detection and only 4.2% addressed the scientific evidence showing nonverbal behavioral cues… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [009] A. Yu. Tsygankov, A. A. Kravchuk (2024)

Use of special technical means (polygraph) on personnel recruitment in corporate structures

Vestnik Universiteta Sociological surveys indicate that polygraph screening is increasingly accepted and utilized as a personnel recruitment tool in Russian corporate structures, with both employers and employees… Screening & Personnel Security [010] Joey F. George, Manjul Gupta, Gabriel Giordano, Annette Mills, Vanesa Tennant, Carmen Lewis (2023)

Publishing the Data from “The Effects of Communication Mode and Culture on Deception Detection Accuracy”

Journal of Information Systems Deception detection was significantly worse for video-only (no audio) compared to other media. Surprisingly, veracity judges successfully detected deception across cultures even without understanding the… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [011] Erika Thiel, Lisa Ribacoff (2023)

A Summary of the American Polygraph Association’s 57 th Annual Seminar

European Polygraph The seminar drew over 850 participants from more than 30 countries and received overwhelmingly positive feedback for its diverse training opportunities, venue selection, and options… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [012] Maria Petrescu, Haya Ajjan, Dana L. Harrison (2023)

Man vs machine – Detecting deception in online reviews

Journal of Business Research Automated text analysis methods show complementary strengths in detecting deceptive reviews, with incentivized reviews exhibiting linguistic patterns similar to unverified content. Multi-method integration analyzing quantity,… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [013] Pond (2023)

The influence of false evidence ploy variants on perceptions of coercion and deception

Journal of Forensic Psychology: Research and Practice Participants failed to distinguish between the FEP and bluff tactics in terms of deceptiveness or coercion, and neither deception type nor interrogation length (1 vs.… Legal & Policy Studies [014] Mélanie Fernandes, Domicele Jonauskaite, Frédéric Tomas, Eric Laurent, Christine Mohr (2023)

Individual differences in self-reported lie detection abilities

PLOS ONE Lower outgroup trust and higher social desirability significantly predicted higher self-reported lie detection abilities, while personality traits (Dark Triad, Big-Six), empathy, emotional intelligence, and cultural… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [015] Stéphanie B. Marion (2023)

When do people lie, for whom, and why? : Altruistic lying in an alibi corroboration context

Explicit requests doubled false corroboration rates (49% vs 26%). Pre-existing friends received false alibis 41% of the time versus 18% for strangers. Surprisingly, experimentally-induced liking… Legal & Policy Studies [016] Marianne Junger, Luka Koning, Pieter Hartel, Bernard Veldkamp (2023)

In their own words: deception detection by victims and near victims of fraud

Frontiers in Psychology 69% of near victims (N=934) cited fraud knowledge as their primary detection strategy, while 27.9% noticed mistakes or inconsistencies. Actual victims (N=222) reported that seeking… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [017] Melissa S. de Roos, Daniel N. Jones (2022)

Mimicry Deception Scale

PsycTESTS Dataset The MDS demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Long-term deception scores positively correlated with Machiavellianism, conscientiousness, and planning, with the complexity facet predicting successful… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [018] Jun’ichiro Murai, Yasuhiro Daiku (2022)

Deception in everyday life of Japanese young adults: a reanalysis

Discover Psychology The reanalysis confirmed one prolific liar in the dataset, found no significant correlation between lies told and lies perceived (and no prolific lie perceivers), and… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [019] Benjamin Weissman (2022)

What counts as a lie in and out of the courtroom? The effect of discourse genre on lie judgments

From Lying to Perjury Participants judged false implicatures to be less of a lie when they came from witnesses testifying under oath in a courtroom compared to the same… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [020] Marcin Gołaszewski (2022)

Report from the 56 th Seminar of the American Polygraph Association (Orlando, Florida, 28 August – 3 September 2022)

European Polygraph The report provides a comprehensive summary of multiple research presentations, technical workshops, policy discussions, and professional updates from the premier annual gathering of the international… Foundational & Historical Research [021] M.V. Vinogradov, O.A. Ulyanina (2022)

Specifics of Conducting Special Psychophysiological Studies with the Use of a Polygraph on the Employees of Internal Affairs Bodies Appointed to Other Positions in the System of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Psychology and Law Comparative analysis revealed temporal changes in risk factor detection patterns between 2011 and 2020, with regional variation in identified risk factors among candidates screened from… Screening & Personnel Security [022] Daniel T. Wilcox; Rosalind M. Berry; Emma Grove (2022)

A Survey of the Views of Catholic Safeguarding Coordinators about the Inclusion of the Polygraph in Psychological Risk Assessments of Clerics

European Polygraph Safeguarding coordinators' views on polygraph utility were mixed, with those having direct experience demonstrating clearer perspectives. Coordinators identified need for structured training on forensic assessment… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [023] Jan Stefan Widacki (2022)

What Do Polygraphers–Practitioners Expect from Science?

European Polygraph Polygraph practitioners demonstrated a strong preference for familiar techniques over scientific innovations, with minimal interest expressed in neurophysiological detection methods (EEG, fMRI) or remote sensing… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [024] Gabriela Mikulášková, Slávka Karkošková, Dominik Jozefík (2021)

The effect of emotional expression during the disclosure of sexual abuse on the perceived credibility of the CSA victims

Človek a spoločnosť Children displaying positive emotional expression during sexual abuse disclosure were perceived as significantly less credible than those showing sad, angry, or neutral emotions, with emotional… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [025] Dominique Makowski, Tam Pham, Zen Juen Lau, Adrian Raine, SH Annabel Chen (2020)

The Structure of Deception: Validation of the Lying Profile Questionnaire

The LPQ demonstrated strong reliability (omega = 0.83) with four factors and three distinct lying profiles. K-means clustering revealed Tricksters (35%), Average (42%), and Virtuous… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [026] Nuria Sánchez, Jaume Masip (2020)

Do people detect deception the way they think they do? Replication and extensions

Psicothema Behavioral cues were reported less often and contextual indicators more often when describing actual lie detection experiences compared to stated beliefs, regardless of whether participants… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [027] Neda Nakić (2020)

Significance of pre-test interview in polygraph examination

Bezbednost, Beograd The study confirmed that issues arose during polygraph examinations when tests were not sufficiently prepared and when pre-test interviews were not given adequate attention, with… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [028] Clara Moningka, Maria Selviana (2020)

Pengembangan Skala Deception Behavior in Social Media

Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat The scale demonstrated adequate psychometric properties with good reliability and validity, revealing two dimensions: concealing or changing identity, and presenting oneself better. The instrument proved… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [029] Emma Levine (2019)

Community Standards of Deception

SSRN Electronic Journal Deception is perceived as ethical and people want to be deceived when deception prevents unnecessary harm. Eight community standards of deception were identified that most… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [030] Brianna L. Verigin, Ewout H. Meijer, Glynis Bogaard, Aldert Vrij (2019)

Lie prevalence, lie characteristics and strategies of self-reported good liars

PLOS ONE Self-reported good liars tell more lies per day, with nearly 40% of all lies told by a few prolific liars. Good liars strategically embed lies… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [031] Jan Stefan Widacki; Natalia Mirska; Małgorzata Wrońska (2019)

Verbal and Non-verbal Symptoms of Deception in the Eyes of Policemen and Psychologists

European Polygraph The study reveals differences between police officers' and psychologists' beliefs about behavioral deception indicators, highlighting discrepancies between professional confidence and scientific evidence regarding deception detection… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [032] Magdalena Kornak (2019)

Suggestion and its impact on the credibility of the statements of the minor witness

Issues of Forensic Science Research demonstrates reliable age-related declines in suggestibility, with 83% of developmental studies detecting decreased susceptibility with age. However, proper interview protocols using open-ended questions and… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [033] (2019)

Appendix B. State Supreme Court Decisions for Polygraph Evidence

Black Robes, White Coats The appendix reveals highly inconsistent treatment of polygraph evidence across state supreme courts, with jurisdictions adopting per se bans, stipulation requirements, or case-by-case discretion, reflecting… Legal & Policy Studies [034] Richard Gregg Dwyer (2019)

International review of sexual behaviour assessment labs

International Review of Psychiatry The review revealed substantial variation in assessment approaches across international laboratories, reflecting differences in legal frameworks, cultural contexts, and clinical paradigms, with implications for cross-cultural… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [035] Annamaria Di Fabio (2019)

Paulhus Deception Scale--Italian Version; Short Form

PsycTESTS Dataset The 12-item Italian PDS short form demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties, with confirmatory factor analysis supporting the two-factor structure and adequate internal consistency and concurrent validity… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [036] Ehi Esoimeme (2018)

Using the Lie Detector Test to Curb Corruption in the Nigeria Police Force

SSRN Electronic Journal The paper concludes that polygraph testing could help curb corruption in the Nigeria Police Force only if multiple conditions are met: adequate funding through the… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [037] 박희정 (2018)

Perceptions and Misunderstandings of Polygraph Testing - Comparison between Police Officers and College Students -

치안정책연구 Police officers believed polygraph tests were accurate and trustworthy, whereas college students displayed contrasting skeptical perceptions. Students expressed concerns that state anxiety could lead to… Legal & Policy Studies [038] Raymond Nelson (2018)

Practical Polygraph: A Survey and Description of Decision Rules

APA Magazine Comprehensive survey of decision rules used in modern polygraph testing. Documented the evolution from subjective to objective decision criteria and their impact on reliability and… Scoring & Test Data Analysis [039] Rebecca Nicolaides, Richard Trafford, Russell Craig (2018)

Helping auditors identify deception through psycholinguistics

Journal of Financial Crime The review identifies multiple linguistic deception markers including pronoun shifts, emotional tone patterns, and cognitive complexity indicators, though findings vary across laboratory versus field settings,… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [040] Jennifer Gongola, Nicholas Scurich, Jodi A. Quas (2017)

Detecting deception in children: A meta-analysis.

Law and Human Behavior Adults accurately discriminated children's truths from lies at only 54%, barely above chance. A strong truth bias emerged: adults correctly identified true statements 63.8% of… Meta-Analyses & Systematic Reviews [041] Cameron H. Malin, Terry Gudaitis, Thomas J. Holt, Max Kilger (2017)

Social Dynamics of Deception

Deception in the Digital Age The chapter reveals that underground cybercrime markets develop sophisticated trust mechanisms and social hierarchies despite operating in inherently adversarial environments. Price, customer service, and trust… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [042] Barbara Leśniak; Marek Leśniak (2017)

Examinee Assessment of Distress Caused by Polygraph Examination

European Polygraph The study provides empirical data on examinee-reported distress levels during polygraph examinations, addressing legal and ethical concerns about the arduousness of testing. Legal & Policy Studies [043] David Dietzel (2017)

Prison Mental Health Screening tools: choices and sensitivity

Assessment and Development Matters The three validated screening tools produced referral rates ranging from 47.3% to 100% in the same sample, a spread of over 50 percentage points, demonstrating… Screening & Personnel Security [044] David Dietzel (2017)

Mental health in an open prison: preliminary research findings

Division of Forensic Psychology British Psychological Society Annual Conference Despite the relatively permissive open-prison environment producing lower anxiety and better-than-average well-being scores, rates of clinically screened mental health problems were as high as or… Psychophysiology & Autonomic Responses [045] Hyeon-Gi Hong (2017)

The Moderating Role of Binge Drinking on the Self-Assertiveness-Sexual Victimization Relationship among College Students

Korean Journal of Stress Research Binge drinking significantly moderated the self-assertiveness–sexual victimization relationship: assertiveness was a significant protective factor only among low binge drinkers (Exp(B)=1.90, p=0.02), while among high binge… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [046] Eran P. Melkman, Irit Hershkowitz, Ronit Zur (2017)

Credibility assessment in child sexual abuse investigations: A descriptive analysis

Child Abuse & Neglect Of all cases where children disclosed abuse, only 57.9% were judged credible. Older age and absence of cognitive delay were the strongest predictors of credible… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [047] (2016)

True Lies: People Who Lie Via Telling Truth Viewed Harshly, Study Finds

PsycEXTRA Dataset 52% of experienced business negotiators reported using paltering in some or most negotiations. Targets perceive paltering as ethically equivalent to lying by commission, while palterers… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [048] Daniel N. Jones, Melissa S. de Roos (2016)

Validating the four components of Mimicry Deception Theory from the victim's perspective

Personality and Individual Differences All four MDT components were significantly intercorrelated, and the long-term deception composite significantly predicted post-deception doubt (Study 1) and amount of money lost (Studies 1… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [049] Bogaard, G., Meijer, E.H., Vrij, A., Merckelbach, H. (2016)

Strong, but wrong: lay people's and police officers' beliefs about verbal and nonverbal cues to deception

PLoS ONE Both police officers and lay people endorsed stereotypical but non-diagnostic nonverbal cues (gaze aversion, movement) as deception indicators, with no significant professional advantage. Beliefs about… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [050] Bradley A. Campbell, Tasha A. Menaker, William R. King (2015)

Victim Credibility Interview

PsycTESTS Dataset In the absence of corroborating evidence, victim credibility was the most critical factor in arrest and prosecution decisions, with extralegal characteristics like victim behavior and… Legal & Policy Studies [051] Karl Halvor Teigen, Petra Filkuková (2015)

Lie Vignettes

PsycTESTS Dataset Overstatements were judged more inaccurate than understatements of equal magnitude, self-favorable statements were perceived as more inaccurate than self-unfavorable ones, and deliberate lies were rated… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [052] (2014)

Lying, Prevalence of

Encyclopedia of Deception The distribution of lying is highly skewed: 60% of people report telling no lies in a 24-hour period, and almost half of all lies are… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [053] Ayaka Ishioka, Yohei Ono, Yukihiro Karube, Yasutomi Taniguchi (2014)

Effects of Questioning and Responding Styles in Detection of Deception

The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association The study revealed systematic differences in perceived cognitive load across questioning styles and distinct response characteristics attributed to guilty versus innocent examinees, providing insights into… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [054] William Douglas Woody, Charles R. Honts, Krista D. Forrest, Karlee Rae Provenza, Rachel Best, Benjamin J. Williams, Lauren Woods, Czarina Grogan (2014)

Jurors' perceptions and decisions related to polygraph examinations during police interrogation

PsycEXTRA Dataset The study likely found that polygraph evidence significantly influences juror perceptions even when jurors are aware of its limitations, with implications for how confession evidence… Legal & Policy Studies [055] R. Ptacek (2013)

2345 – Comparative Study Of Methods For Credibility Analysis Of Verbal Statements In Forensic Settings

European Psychiatry Reality Monitoring and Scientific Content Analysis demonstrated validity for credibility analysis in Czech-speaking non-psychiatric adults, while Statement Validity Assessment proved unsuitable for adult populations, consistent… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [056] Monika Stempkowski (2013)

Polygraph in Austria

European Polygraph The article provides a comprehensive survey of Austrian polygraph practices, legal regulations, and admissibility standards as of 2013, contributing important comparative data on European polygraph… International Polygraph Practices [057] Dave Walsh, Ray Bull (2013)

The Investigation and Investigative Interviewing of Benefit Fraud Suspects in the UK: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives

Applied Issues in Investigative Interviewing, Eyewitness Memory, and Credibility Assessment Analysis of 142 actual benefit fraud interviews revealed that while investigators displayed ethical standards and used open questions, few interviews were skilled, with particular shortcomings… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [058] Ángela Almela, Rafael Valencia-García, Pascual Cantos (2013)

Seeing through Deception: A Computational Approach to Deceit Detection in Spanish Written Communication

Linguistic Evidence in Security, Law and Intelligence The LIWC-based classifier achieved 84.5% F-measure, with linguistic and psychological process dimensions proving most discriminatory. LIWC psycholinguistic features outperformed Bag-of-Words models for detecting deception in… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [059] T. Luker (2013)

Decision Making Conditioned by Radical Uncertainty: Credibility Assessment at the Australian Refugee Review Tribunal

International Journal of Refugee Law Decision-makers acknowledged operating under radical uncertainty where it is impossible to know definitively if claims are credible. The study proposes a rebuttable presumption of credibility… Legal & Policy Studies [060] D. Brian Wallace, Maria Hartwig (2013)

Investment Professionals' Beliefs about Deception

PsycEXTRA Dataset Investment professionals believed their lie detection accuracy exceeds 65%, substantially higher than the 50-54% rate found in meta-analyses. They subscribed to invalid stereotypes about gaze… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [061] Yoshimi Namihira, Naomichi Segawa, Yukino Ikegami, Kenta Kawai, Takashi Kawabe, Setsuo Tsuruta (2013)

High Precision Credibility Analysis of Information on Twitter

2013 International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems Testing on 2,960 tweets achieved kappa statistics greater than 0.6 agreement with human evaluators. The expertise score successfully addressed accuracy problems when tweet volume was… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [062] Daniel T. Wilcox; Rosie Gray (2012)

The Use of the Polygraph with Sex Offenders in the UK

European Polygraph The study documented professional perspectives on polygraph technology at a pivotal moment when the UK was considering mandatory implementation following suspension of voluntary use after… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [063] Angelique L. Bangoy, Jimmy S. Cahig, Jonathan M. Chavez, Khent Joseph L. Litao, Reynaldo B. Vivero (2012)

Polygraph Examination Service of the Philippine National Police (PNP) Crime Laboratory - Region 10

Advancing Law Enforcement and Public Safety Research The study found that polygraph examination results were not accepted as evidence in Philippine courts or capable of convicting suspects, but most respondents agreed that… International Polygraph Practices [064] Eitan Elaad (2012)

Criminal Prosecutors: Over-rating lie-catching abilities and misconstrued defendants' deceptions

PsycEXTRA Dataset Prosecutors overestimated lie-detection abilities but correctly rejected nervousness and eye contact as deception indicators. However, they showed willingness to pressure defendants for confessions when convinced… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [065] Melanie Hurst‐Wagner, Margit E. Oswald (2012)

Impact of deception detection errors on public's trust in the police

Legal and Criminological Psychology The public trusted police officers who disbelieved suspects more than those who believed them, independent of whether the judgment was correct, indicating that lie-biased credibility… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [066] Ulatowska, J. (2011)

The Relation Between Knowledge of Cues to Deception and the Ability to Detect Deceit

Problems of Forensic Sciences Observers performed at chance level in detecting lies and truths and showed a truth bias. However, those with more accurate knowledge of deception cues achieved… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [067] Jiyin Cao, Adam Galinsky (2011)

Which helps detect lies, eagerness or vigilance? The impact of regulatory focus on lie detection

PsycEXTRA Dataset Prevention focus consistently enhanced lie detection accuracy across all four studies, while promotion focus was associated with lower accuracy. The vigilance associated with prevention focus… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [068] Lenka Mynaríkova, Hedvika Boukalova (2011)

Lie detection from non-verbal behavior in Czech Republic

PsycEXTRA Dataset The research contributed to the broader understanding that non-verbal lie detection is an intuitive rather than systematic process with limited reliability across cultural contexts, consistent… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [069] Robert J. McGrath; Georgia F. Cumming; Brenda L. Burchard; Stephen Zeoli; Lawrence Ellerby (2010 • US NATIONAL SURVEY)

Current Practices and Emerging Trends in Sexual Abuser Management: The Safer Society 2009 North American Survey

Safer Society Press National survey showing PCSOT utilized in 79% of adult and 50% of adolescent community sex offender treatment programs across the US, up from 29% in… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [070] Ulatowska, J. (2009)

Knowledge of Cues to Deception – Looking for its Determinants

Problems of Forensic Sciences Beliefs about deception cues were generally stereotypical and inadequate across groups, but criminals and Internal Security Agency officers demonstrated significantly higher accuracy than students and… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [071] Nahari, G., Glicksohn, J., Nachson, I. (2009)

Do textual features affect credibility judgment? It all depends on who is the judge

Applied Cognitive Psychology High-absorption individuals judged sparse narratives as more credible than low-absorption individuals, while both groups rated detail-rich narratives similarly, demonstrating that credibility assessment depends on the… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [072] Eitan Elaad (2009)

Lie-Detection Biases among Male Police Interrogators, Prisoners, and Laypersons

Psychological Reports Police interrogators overestimated their lie-detection abilities and were influenced by stereotypical beliefs about deception cues. Prisoners demonstrated more modest self-assessments and recognized pupil dilation as… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [073] Wilcox, D.T., Donathy, M.L. (2008)

The utility of the polygraph with sex offenders in England

Conférence Permanente Européenne de la Probation Professionals with direct polygraph experience showed 92% opposition to withdrawal of voluntary polygraph use and 58% support for mandatory application, whereas inexperienced professionals expressed significantly… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [074] (2008)

Public Opinion About the Polygraph

Encyclopedia of Psychology and Law Mock juror studies consistently found that laypeople do not uncritically accept polygraph evidence; participants showed similar guilt judgments regardless of whether defendants passed or failed… Legal & Policy Studies [075] Udo Undeutsch (2007)

The actual use of investigative physiopsychological examinations in Germany

European Polygraph The study revealed how polygraph examinations were actually being employed in German investigative contexts outside of courtroom settings, despite the judiciary's position that polygraph lacks… Legal & Policy Studies [076] (2006)

A World of Lies

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Gaze aversion is universally believed to indicate lying (63.66% worldwide), with remarkably strong cross-cultural consensus (median correlation r = .80, Cronbach's α = .98). This… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [077] Myers, B., Latter, R., Abdollahi-Arena, M. K. (2006)

The court of public opinion: Lay perceptions of polygraph testing

Law and Human Behavior Jury-eligible adults did not find polygraph evidence persuasive and showed no significant differences in guilt judgments between conditions with passed polygraph evidence, failed polygraph evidence,… Legal & Policy Studies [078] Ron Kokish; Jill S. Levenson; G. Blasingame (2005 • PERCEPTIONS)

Post-Conviction Sex Offender Polygraph Examination: Client-Reported Perceptions of Utility and Accuracy

Sexual Abuse Surveyed sex offenders about their polygraph experiences. Found majority reported polygraph motivated them to be more honest in treatment and supervision, with many acknowledging its… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [079] Susan E. Kirkendol (2004)

Serious Lies

Basic and Applied Social Psychology Serious lies were overwhelmingly self-serving (85–94%), most often originated in bad behavior (69–75%), concentrated in close relationships (64% involving closest partners), and produced substantially more… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [080] Jinwei Cao, Ming Lin, Amit Deokar, Judee K. Burgoon, Janna M. Crews, Mark Adkins (2004)

Computer-Based Training for Deception Detection: What Users Want?

Lecture Notes in Computer Science The study demonstrated good system usability and identified key user requirements including configurable interfaces, improved audio/video quality, more immediate feedback, and additional real-world examples to… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [081] Strömwall, L., Granhag, P.A. (2003)

How to Detect Deception? Arresting the Beliefs of Police Officers, Prosecutors and Judges

Psychology, Crime & Law All three professional groups held beliefs about deception detection that contradicted scientific research, with most relying on nonverbal cues like gaze aversion and body movements… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [082] W Peter Robinson (2003)

The contemporary cultural context for deception and malingering in Britain

Malingering and illness deception Robinson found that 70% of Britons morally condemned VAT evasion yet 71% were willing to engage in it themselves, while 30% admitted lying on job… Legal & Policy Studies [083] Robert J. McGrath (2003)

Current practices and trends in sexual abuser management: The Safer Society 2002 Nationwide Survey

Safer Society Press By 2002, 70% of adult community-based sex offender treatment programs in the United States used polygraph testing, and 44% of adolescent programs did so, marking… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [084] Louis Avitabile, Brian H. Kleiner (2003)

How to assess credibility when conducting workplace investigations

Management Research News The paper identifies key credibility assessment factors including information integrity, consistency and specificity of accounts, plausibility within context, and direct knowledge of the incident, while… Training, Standards & Professional Practice [085] Podlesny, J.A. (2003)

A Paucity of Operable Case Facts Restricts Applicability of the Guilty Knowledge Technique in FBI Criminal Polygraph Examinations

Forensic Science Communications The guilty knowledge technique was applicable in only 5.0%-8.6% of FBI criminal investigations overall, with significantly higher rates in bank robberies (25.0%) and kidnappings (17.2%),… Field Validity Studies [086] Ronald A. Craig (2003)

The use of law enforcement polygraph tests with juveniles

Journal of Credibility Assessment and Witness Psychology 74.3% of surveyed law enforcement examiners had polygraphed at least one juvenile, with some testing children as young as 7 years old; however, over half… Legal & Policy Studies [087] Podlesny, J.A. (2003)

A Paucity of Operable Case Facto Restricts Applicability of the Guilty Knowledge Technique in FBI Criminal Polygraph Examination

Forensic Sciences Communication Of 758 FBI criminal examinations, only 6.7% had three or more operable keys available for CIT testing, with 89.2% having zero usable keys—demonstrating that the… Concealed Information Test (CIT) [088] Georgia F. Cumming (2002)

Collaboration Among Sex Offender Treatment Providers and Probation and Parole Officers: The Beliefs and Behaviors of Treatment Providers

Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment Ninety percent of treatment providers reported excellent or good rapport with probation officers, 87.4% considered communication with probation officers essential, and 24.2% reported that probation… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [089] Charles Robert Honts; Steven Thurber; Wendy R. Alloway (2002 • SCIENTIST SURVEY)

General Acceptance of the Polygraph by the Scientific Community

Paper presented at APA-Law Society, Austin, TX Survey of 363 SPR and APA members finding that scientists familiar with polygraph literature were more supportive of its use than those without direct research… Legal & Policy Studies [090] Dominique A. Simons (2002)

Childhood Victimization and Lack of Empathy as Predictors of Sexual Offending Against Women and Children

Journal of Interpersonal Violence Lack of empathy was confirmed as a significant mediator between childhood victimization and sexual offending, with childhood sexual abuse and pornography exposure predicting child-victim offending… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [091] Gisli H. Gudjonsson, Estelle Moore (2001)

Self-deception and other-deception among admissions to a maximum security hospital and a medium secure unit

Psychology, Crime & Law Maximum-security patients demonstrated significantly lower other-deception than medium-secure patients after controlling for ethnicity and diagnosis, while self-deception remained stable across settings. Mentally ill patients scored… Legal & Policy Studies [092] Wendy R. Alloway (2001)

Psycho-legal scholars report positive attitudes towards polygraph validity

Paper presented at the Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, Reno, NV Psycho-legal scholars reported positive attitudes toward polygraph validity, providing evidence that the most legally relevant scientific community — those working at the intersection of psychology… Legal & Policy Studies [093] Diane Patrick; Diane Pasini-Hill; Linda Jones; Sydney Cooley-Towell; Kim English (2000)

The Value of Polygraph Testing in Sex Offender Management

Colorado Department of Public Safety / NIJ The study provided critical empirical evidence about PCSOT implementation and effectiveness during a period when this supervision tool was becoming increasingly prevalent but lacked sufficient… Sex Offender Management (PCSOT) [094] Deborah A. Kashy (1998)

Everyday Lies in Close and Casual Relationships

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology People lie significantly less per social interaction to emotionally close partners, with subjective closeness as the sole significant predictor when controlling for duration and interaction… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [095] William George Iacono; David Thoreson Lykken (1997)

The Validity of the Lie Detector: Two Surveys of Scientific Opinion

Journal of Applied Psychology The surveys achieved exceptionally high response rates (91% and 74%) and provided an unbiased assessment of scientific consensus on polygraph validity from relevant experts. Legal & Policy Studies [096] Leendert Koppelaar, Alfred Lange, Jan-Willem Van De Velde (1997)

The Influence of Positive and Negative Victim Credibility on the Assessment of Rape Victims; An Experimental Study of Expectancy—Confirmation Bias

International Review of Victimology Prior victim credibility information significantly influenced interview questioning patterns, confirming expectancy-confirmation bias, though effects on final evaluations were only partially confirmed. Legal & Policy Studies [097] David Thoreson Lykken; William George Iacono (1997)

Survey of Scientists on CIT/GKT Validity

Various Publications Polled 363 scientists from the American Psychological Association and the Society for Psychophysiological Research. Found that the scientific community was more supportive of CIT than… Legal & Policy Studies [098] Vrij, A., Semin, G.R. (1996)

Lie experts' beliefs about nonverbal indicators of deception

Journal of Nonverbal Behavior Prisoners held more accurate beliefs about deception cues than professionals or students. 75% of professional lie detectors incorrectly believed gaze aversion indicates deception, and professionals… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [099] Akehurst, L., Köhnken, G., Vrij, A., Bull, R. (1996)

Lay persons' and police officers' beliefs regarding deceptive behaviour

Applied Cognitive Psychology Police officers and lay people held equally inaccurate beliefs about deceptive behavior, with both groups overestimating the reliability of eye contact aversion, hand/arm gestures, and… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [100] Bella M. DePaulo; Deborah A. Kashy; Susan E. Kirkendol; Melissa M. Wyer; Jennifer A. Epstein (1996 • EVERYDAY DECEPTION)

Lying in Everyday Life

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Seminal diary study finding people lie in approximately 25% of daily social interactions. Established baseline deception frequency in normal populations, contextualizing polygraph applications. Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [101] Meesig, R., Horvath, F. (1995)

A national survey of practices, policies and evaluative comments on the use of pre-employment polygraph screening in police agencies in the United States

Among large U.S. police agencies, 62% utilized pre-employment polygraph screening, rejecting approximately 25% of applicants based on information not uncovered through other screening methods. Agencies… Screening & Personnel Security [102] Gisli H. Gudjonsson (1990)

Self-deception and other-deception in forensic assessment

Personality and Individual Differences Violent and sex offenders demonstrated significantly higher other-deception (impression management) scores than other offenders, but no group differences emerged for self-deception scores. Assessment setting (pre-trial… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection [103] Robert Alan Palmer (1989)

The New Federal Polygraph Law and Its Effect On Hospitality Operators

Hospitality Education and Research Journal EPPA eliminated 85% of polygraph testing nationwide and completely banned pre-employment screening in hospitality, forcing hotels and restaurants to develop alternative methods for addressing employee… Legal & Policy Studies [104] Wendy K.T. Robertson, Joel S. Milner (1985)

Detection of Conscious Deception Using the Child Abuse Potential Inventory Lie Scale

Journal of Personality Assessment All tested scales successfully discriminated between honest and faking good conditions. Only the Marlowe-Crowne scale detected faking bad through low scores, indicating the CAP Lie… Psychophysiology & Autonomic Responses [105] Ronald J. Heslegrave (1980)

The admissibility of polygraph evidence in court: Some empirical findings

Law and Human Behavior Neither experiment found evidence of 'blind' acceptance of polygraph evidence by mock jurors; while guilt ratings shifted significantly in the presence of exculpatory polygraph evidence,… Legal & Policy Studies [106] Carlson, S.C., Pasano, M.S., Jannuzzo, J.A. (1977)

The effect of lie detector evidence on jury deliberations: An empirical study

Journal of Police Science and Administration Polygraph evidence influenced mock juror deliberations but did not produce the uncritical acceptance or overwhelming prejudice predicted by courts as justification for exclusionary rules. Legal & Policy Studies [107] Philip Ash (1973)

Survey of Attitudes on the Polygraph

Polygraph Polygraph examiners demonstrated markedly more positive attitudes toward test validity than external professionals, revealing a significant perception gap between practitioners and skeptical psychologists/attorneys. Foundational & Historical Research [108] John P. Clark, Larry L. Tifft (1966)

Polygraph and Interview Validation of Self-Reported Deviant Behavior

American Sociological Review Overall questionnaire accuracy was high, but delinquency scale items showed significant underreporting. Despite individual response inaccuracies, questionnaires successfully maintained valid rank-ordering of respondents by delinquency… Foundational & Historical Research [109] Verigin Brianna (0)

The Effect of Embedded Lies on the Verbal Quality of Statements and Implications for Credibility Assessment

Embedded lies are not qualitatively different from lies in fully fabricated statements (supported by Bayesian analysis), and lies embedded in truthful statements can still be… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection