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Meta-Analysis
This topic encompasses 76 peer-reviewed studies, primarily in the field of meta-analyses & systematic reviews. Research in this area spans from the 1980s to the 2020s.
76Studies
1980s–2020sSpan
8Categories
124Researchers
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Studies tagged “Meta-Analysis” [76]
All 76 peer-reviewed studies in this research area, sorted by year.
[001]
(2025)
Decoding Deception with the P300: A Meta-Analysis of the Concealed Information Test
Biological Psychology / Psychiatry Included 54 experimental studies using mock-crime and personal-item paradigms. Found a large mean effect size (d*) of 1.59 for the P300. Complex trial protocols maximized… [002] (2025)A Review on Robustness of Deception Detection System Based on Eye Movement Features
2025 11th International HCI and UX Conference in Indonesia (CHIuXiD) Most eye movement-based deception detection systems achieved only low to medium robustness scores. Multimodal approaches demonstrated higher robustness than unimodal approaches, but challenges including limited… [003] (2025)Honesty and lie aversion
Elgar Encyclopedia of Behavioural and Experimental Economics Experimental evidence reveals substantial intrinsic lie aversion beyond detection risk, with preferences for honesty and social image as primary motivations for truth-telling. People exhibit context-dependent… [004] (2024)Analysis, Evaluation, and Future Directions on Multimodal Deception Detection
Technologies The review found that 85% of studies used facial features, 50% audio, and 38% textual features; 90% employed model-independent fusion with late fusion being most… [005] (2024)The Concealed Information Test -- Utilizing P300 data to determine the presence of crime-related information in a suspect's memory
The meta-analysis found a large mean effect size (d* = 1.59) for P300-based CIT, with the complex trial protocol maximizing detection accuracy and reducing countermeasure… [006] (2024)The Concealed Information Test -- Utilizing P300 data to deter-mine the presence of crime-related information in a suspect's memory
The meta-analysis revealed a large mean effect size of d = 1.59 for P300-based concealed information detection. Moderation analyses showed that complex trial protocols significantly… [007] (2023)Deception detection with machine learning: A systematic review and statistical analysis
PLoS ONE Of 81 reviewed studies, detection accuracy ranged from 51% to 100%, with 19 works achieving above 90% accuracy. Monomodal approaches constituted 40.74% of studies, though… [008] (2022)A Comprehensive Review on Features Extraction and Features Matching Techniques for Deception Detection
IEEE Access Review of 88 studies over 30 years reveals deception detection accuracies ranging from 50-85% across modalities, with vocal features outperforming visual cues. Critical limitations include… [009] (2022)Do people know when they are good at spotting liars? – Metacognitive efficiency in Lie Detection
Metacognitive efficiency in lie detection was only 23% of what would be expected given participants' discrimination performance, indicating people fail to use 77% of available… [010] (2022)Prolonged Response Time Concealed Information Test Decreases Probe-Control Differences but Increases Classification Accuracy
Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition Increased test length consistently decreased probe-control response time differences but increased classification accuracy, with approximately 600 total trials emerging as the optimal threshold for maximizing… [011] (2021 • LANDMARK META-ANALYSIS)A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of the Comparison Question Polygraph Test
Applied Cognitive Psychology The largest meta-analysis ever conducted on the CQT, analyzing 138 datasets. Found a meta-analytic effect size of 0.69 including inconclusives. Motivation level showed a positive… [012] (2021)Discriminating deceptive from truthful statements using the verifiability approach: A meta-analysis
Applied Cognitive Psychology Truth-tellers provided significantly more verifiable details (d = 0.49) and a higher proportion of verifiable details (d = 0.49) than liars across 28 studies, with… [013] (2021)Does the cognitive approach to lie detection improve the accuracy of human observers?
Applied Cognitive Psychology Cognitive approaches to lie detection produced 60% accuracy overall, but only 55% after bias correction—barely above chance levels of 50%. [014] (2021)What deception tasks used in the lab really do: systematic review and meta-analysis of ecological validity of fMRI deception tasks
Neuroscience Intention to lie was the least frequently included component in fMRI deception studies. Tasks with high ecological validity recruited fewer brain regions (bilateral ACC and… [015] (2020)Dispersion matters: Diagnostics and control data computer simulation in Concealed Information Test studies
PLoS One Standard deviation substantially influences classification efficiency to the point that methods with lower mean differences can achieve superior AUC values (.858 vs .813) when dispersion… [016] (2019)Can fMRI discriminate between deception and false memory? A meta-analytic comparison between deception and false memory studies
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews Deception, relative to false memory, showed increased activation in the right superior temporal gyrus, right insula, left inferior parietal lobule, and right superior frontal gyrus,… [017] (2019)Reading Lies: Nonverbal Communication and Deception
Annual Review of Psychology Only 14 of 50 nonverbal cues (28%) showed significant relationships with deception, with effect sizes typically small (largest d = -0.55). People achieve only 54%… [018] (2019)Lessons from Pinocchio: Cues to deception may be highly exaggerated
Perspectives on Psychological Science Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that the deception cue literature is consistent with there being no real behavioral indicators of deception, with effect sizes potentially inflated… [019] (2018)A re-analysis that supports our main results: A reply to Levine et al.
Legal and Criminological Psychology The three criticisms were systematically refuted: cell-averaging does not constitute statistical confounding; control condition accuracy rates were not aberrant when compared to published benchmarks; and… [020] (2018)Lying and Psychology
The Oxford Handbook of Lying A meta-analysis of 114 studies (n = 3307) using computerized reaction time paradigms revealed a large standardized RT difference of d = 1.049, representing one… [021] (2017)Detecting deception in children: A meta-analysis.
Law and Human Behavior Adults accurately discriminated children's truths from lies at only 54%, barely above chance. A strong truth bias emerged: adults correctly identified true statements 63.8% of… [022] (2017)A cognitive approach to lie detection: A meta-analysis
Legal and Criminological Psychology Cognitive lie detection achieved 71% total detection accuracy compared to 56% for traditional methods, representing a 15-percentage point improvement. [023] (2017)Can credibility criteria be assessed reliably? A meta-analysis of Criteria-based Content Analysis
Psychological Assessment Most CBCA criteria showed acceptable interrater reliability across different statistical measures, though Cohen's kappa yielded lower reliability estimates than other indices. [024] (2017)Lying takes time: A meta-analysis on reaction time measures of deception
Psychological Bulletin Lying showed a large standardized reaction time difference compared to truth-telling (d = 1.049) across all paradigms, with effects remaining substantial even when participants were… [025] (2016)Does Training Improve the Detection of Deception? A Meta-Analysis
Psychological Bulletin Training improves deception detection with a small-to-medium effect (gu = 0.331), but verbal content cue training is nearly three times more effective (gu = 0.653)… [026] (2016)Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA) reality criteria in adults: A meta-analytic review
International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology The Undeutsch Hypothesis was confirmed for adults, with CBCA criteria successfully discriminating between truthful and fabricated memories. However, two criteria (self-deprecation and pardoning the perpetrator)… [027] (2015)2015 Update to the APA 2011 Meta-Analytic Survey of Validated Polygraph Techniques
Polygraph Updated the 2011 APA meta-analysis with new studies and data. Confirmed mean accuracy of .89 for event-specific diagnostic polygraphs (95% CI: .83–.95) and .85 for… [028] (2015 • META-ANALYTIC UPDATE)Updated Meta-Analytic Survey of Validated Polygraph Techniques
Polygraph Extension of the 2011 APA meta-analytic survey with additional validated techniques. Confirmed mean accuracy rates of approximately 89% for event-specific tests and documented ESS/OSS scoring… [029] (2015)Are computers effective lie detectors? A meta-analysis of linguistic cues to deception
Personality and Social Psychology Review Relative to truth-tellers, liars showed greater cognitive load, expressed more negative emotions, distanced themselves more from events, used fewer sensory-perceptual words, and referred less to… [030] (2014)Deception Detection Accuracy
Encyclopedia of Deception Meta-analyses consistently show humans accurately classify truths 61% of the time and lies 47% of the time, yielding 54% overall accuracy. Professional lie-catchers perform no… [031] (2014)Reaction Time
Encyclopedia of Deception Meta-analysis found lying produces a large RT delay (d = 1.049) compared to truth-telling, even after correcting for publication bias. The RT-CIT shows low false… [032] (2014)Lie detection from multiple cues: A meta-analysis
Applied Cognitive Psychology Multiple behavioral cues combined yield 67.9% accuracy in lie detection (R = .52), substantially exceeding the 54% accuracy of single-cue human judgment. Critically, detection accuracy… [033] (2014)Meta-analysis of mock-crime experimental studies and field studies using the Concealed Information Test
Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology The meta-analysis demonstrated comparable validity between laboratory mock-crime studies and field CIT examinations, with consistent physiological response patterns and discrimination performance maintained across both experimental… [034] (2014)Probing Effect
Encyclopedia of Deception Asking probing questions does not enhance deception detection accuracy but does increase perceptions of source honesty for both liars and truth-tellers, likely through heuristic processing… [035] (2014)Erratum: Functional MRI-based lie detection: scientific and societal challenges
Nature Reviews Neuroscience The meta-analysis revealed no brain region consistently associated with deception across studies, accuracy rates varying from 69-100%, and countermeasures reducing detection from 100% to 33%.… [036] (2014 • NATURE REVIEW)Functional MRI-Based Lie Detection: Scientific and Societal Challenges
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 15, 123–131 Major Nature review including meta-analysis of published fMRI deception studies. Concluded fMRI lie detection shows promise but faces critical scientific, legal, and ethical challenges before… [037] (2014)Validity of polygraph techniques and decision methods
In Credibility Assessment: Scientific Research and Applications (Eds. Raskin, D.C., Honts, C.R., Kircher, J.C.) The review reports approximately 89% accuracy for specific-incident criminal investigations and 85% for screening applications, with laboratory studies showing 91% accuracy for guilty and 89%… [038] (2013)Współczesne standardy badań poligraficznych
The manual documents validated polygraph techniques with specific accuracy metrics (CIT showing 82.3% accuracy, 81.5% sensitivity, 83.2% specificity), establishes quality control procedures modeled on U.S.… [039] (2013 • COGNITIVE LOAD)Imposing Cognitive Load to Detect Deception: A Meta-Analysis
Legal and Criminological Psychology Meta-analysis finding that imposing cognitive load increased accuracy of deception detection from 56% to 71%. Supported theoretical models underlying both polygraph and behavioral detection approaches. [040] (2012 • SYSTEMATIC REVIEW)Current Research and Potential Applications of the Concealed Information Test: An Overview
Frontiers Journals Comprehensive overview of CIT research highlighting its strong theoretical foundation in orienting response theory. Noted that CIT's false positive rate remains extremely low (~5%) across… [041] (2012)Critique of Meta-Analytic Survey of Criterion Accuracy of Validated Polygraph Techniques
European Polygraph The critique identified significant methodological flaws and biases in the APA meta-analysis, particularly in the evaluation and exclusion of certain zone comparison techniques from validation… [042] (2012)Validated Techniques and Scoring Models for PDD Test Data Analysis – Conclusions from the 2011 APA Report
European Polygraph The 2011 APA meta-analysis established new mandatory standards requiring only scientifically validated techniques, effectively ending the era when tradition or personal preference alone could justify… [043] (2012 • DECEPTION STUDY)The Neural Correlates of Deception: A Review and Integration
NeuroImage Activation likelihood estimate meta-analysis identifying prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate as consistent neural correlates of deception across fMRI studies. Confirmed cognitive control theory of lying. [044] (2012)Linguistic Cues to Deception Assessed by Computer Programs: A Meta-Analysis
PsycEXTRA Dataset Computer-analyzed linguistic cues reliably differentiate lies from truths, with liars showing increased cognitive load, more negative emotion, greater psychological distancing, fewer sensory details, and reduced… [045] (2011 • APA COMMISSIONED REVIEW)Meta-Analytic Survey of Criterion Accuracy of Validated Polygraph Techniques
Polygraph 38 studies met inclusion criteria, involving 32 different samples, 45 experiments, 295 scorers, and 11,737 scored results from 3,723 examinations. Event-specific diagnostic tests: 89% accuracy… [046] (2011)Why do lie-catchers fail? A lens model meta-analysis of human lie judgments
Psychological Bulletin People rarely rely on wrong cues—they strongly associate deception with impressions of incompetence (r = .59) and ambivalence (r = .49), and these intuitive judgments… [047] (2011 • REVIEW)Memory Detection: Theory and Application of the Concealed Information Test (Book)
Book Comprehensive edited volume with contributions from leading CIT researchers worldwide. Covered theoretical foundations, laboratory research, field applications in Japan, countermeasures, and legal issues. [048] (2011)Detecting of deception and concealed information using neuroimaging techniques
Memory Detection A ventral frontoparietal network involved in detecting behaviorally relevant stimuli and matching them with memory representations was recruited in both deception and concealed information paradigms,… [049] (2011)Detecting concealed information using autonomic measures
Memory detection: Theory and application of the Concealed Information Test Recognition of concealed information produces consistent autonomic coactivation of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, with skin conductance showing the largest effect size (d = 1.55), and… [050] (2008 • META-ANALYSIS)A Meta-Analysis of the Comparison Question Polygraph Test: Moderator Effects
In Psychology and Law: Bridging the Gap, 219–237 Reviewed the CQT research literature and found overall accuracy estimates above 85% across studies. Identified important moderator variables including examiner training, question format, and testing… [051] (2008 • DECEPTION DETECTION)Training to Detect Deception: No Improvement with Training or Feedback
Applied Cognitive Psychology Showed that neither training nor feedback improved human deception detection significantly. Individual differences in detection ability were minimal, further supporting technological approaches. [052] (2008)Detecting Lies and Deceit: Pitfalls and Opportunities
Interpersonal Communication Most widely-believed deception cues are unreliable, with 75% of examined cues showing no association with deception. Human lie-truth discrimination averages 54% accuracy, while Control Question… [053] (2007)Moderators of nonverbal indicators of deception: a meta-analytic synthesis
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law Only nodding, hand/finger movements, and leg/foot movements showed reliable associations with deception, all decreasing during lies (effect sizes: d = -0.18, -0.38, -0.14 respectively). No… [054] (2006)Accuracy of deception judgements
Personality and Social Psychology Review Humans detect lies at only 54% accuracy (barely above chance), with better performance on truths (61%) than lies (47%). Accuracy varies more by sender characteristics… [055] (2006)Paraverbal indicators of deception: a meta-analytic synthesis
Applied Cognitive Psychology Only 2 of 9 paraverbal speech behaviors showed reliable associations with deception in weighted analyses. Small effect sizes and substantial heterogeneity across contexts indicate limited… [056] (2004)A cognitive neurobiological account of deception: evidence from functional neuroimaging
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences Deception consistently activates bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), with truthful responding showing no corresponding increased activation, suggesting lying requires greater… [057] (2003)Cues to deception
Psychological Bulletin Only 14 of 50 frequently examined cues (28%) showed significant relationships with deception, with small average effect sizes (d = .25). Liars appeared less forthcoming,… [058] (2003)To Catch a Liar: Challenges for Research in Lie Detection Training
Journal of Applied Communication Research Training significantly raised lie detection accuracy rates with a mean effect size of r = .20, improving accuracy from baseline 54% to approximately 58%. However,… [059] (2003)CIT and Countermeasures
Journal of Applied Psychology Found that compared with CQT, there is less evidence that individuals tested through CIT could employ countermeasures to alter results. CIT demonstrated greater resistance to… [060] (2003)Positive and Negative Predictive Values of Polygraphs: Results from published field studies
Sandia National Laboratories Analysis of field study data reveals limitations in polygraph predictive values when applied to populations with low base rates of deception. [061] (2003)Concealed knowledge tests employed in field practice
Overall effect size was d = 1.55, with mock-crime studies producing d = 2.09. Under optimal conditions (mock crime, motivation, deceptive responses, ≥5 questions), effect… [062] (2001)A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of CIT Research Using MacLaren’s Data
Psychophysiology Laboratory research meta-analysis on the Concealed Information Test / Guilty Knowledge Test, providing data later incorporated into the APA 2011 meta-analytic review. Confirmed strong discrimination… [063] (2001 • BEHAVIORAL CUES)Cues to Deception: A Meta-Analysis of Behavioral Indicators
Psychological Bulletin Massive meta-analysis of 116 studies examining behavioral deception cues. Found most behavioral cues are weak or unreliable, explaining why human deception detection is near chance… [064] (2001)A comparative analysis of polygraph with other screening and diagnostic tools
Department of Defense Polygraph Institute, Research Support Service For field screening, polygraph demonstrated sensitivity of .59 and specificity of .92, with inter-rater reliability (kappa = .77) exceeding physicians (.56) and nearly matching psychologists… [065] (2000)Considering organizations as a unique interpersonal context for deception detection: A meta‐analytic review
Communication Research Reports Organizational members demonstrated substantial ability to differentiate honest from dishonest communicators (r = .472), with an effect size of d = 1.07 standard deviations—markedly higher… [066] (2000 • SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY)Accuracy of Deception Judgments
Personality and Social Psychology Review Review confirming that human accuracy at detecting deception averages only 54%, barely above chance. Even trained professionals (police, judges) showed minimal improvement, underscoring need for… [067] (1999)Polygraph (lie detector) testing: The state of the art
Approximately 43% of innocent subjects fail polygraph examinations, there is no distinctive physiological lie response that polygraphs can detect, and the Comparison Question Test has… [068] (1998)Meta-Analysis of CIT Laboratory Studies
Applied Psychology (multiple publications) Found the weighted average false positive rate was only 4.1% and the false negative rate was 19.4%. Established the CIT as having particularly low false… [069] (1997)The Accuracy-Confidence Correlation in the Detection of Deception
Personality and Social Psychology Review Confidence and accuracy are independent in deception detection (r = .04). Paradoxically, confidence was associated with truth bias, judging truths, male gender, and relationship closeness—none… [070] (1989)Survey of Published Polygraph Literature on Accuracy
Polygraph Comprehensive survey of published literature reported an overall accuracy level of .89. Built upon Abrams’ earlier (1973) review which found laboratory accuracy of 83% and… [071] (1989 • LABORATORY/FIELD)Recent Laboratory and Field Research on Polygraph Techniques
Book Chapters Comprehensive review describing DLT laboratory and field research showing it is at least as accurate as the CQT with fewer false positive errors, simpler to… [072] (1988)Meta-Analysis of the Comparison Question Test
Unpublished manuscript / Later in Raskin (1989) The first meta-analysis of the CQT. Found significant moderator effects for subject type, incentives, and decision policy. All three variables predicted accuracy but showed high… [073] (1988 • META-ANALYSIS)Meta-Analysis of Mock Crime Studies of the Control Question Polygraph Technique
Law and Human Behavior Early meta-analysis of 14 CQT laboratory studies. Found significant moderator effects including student vs. community participants and motivation levels. Accuracy exceeded 85% across studies. [074] (1985)Testing the Polygraph
PsycEXTRA Dataset The review identified fundamental problems with polygraph validity, finding that while claimed to be highly accurate, the evidence was unclear particularly for screening applications. Control… [075] (1985)Telling lies: Verbal and nonverbal correlates of deception
Multichannel Integrations of Nonverbal Behavior Meta-analysis identified vocal pitch elevation and pupil dilation as the most consistent behavioral correlates of deception, while speech disturbances, longer response latency, slower speech rate,… [076] (1981)Verbal and nonverbal communication of deception
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology Eight of 19 behavioral cues showed statistically significant differences between truthful and deceptive communication, including elevated vocal pitch, pupil dilation, self-adaptors, increased blinking, speech errors,…Related research topics
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