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Home › Polygraph Research › Researchers › Pär Anders Granhag

Researcher file

Pär Anders Granhag

Deception detection, investigative interviewing, and the Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique

25Studies
2002–2019Active period
30Co-authors
4Research areas
17Journals

Researcher record

NamePär Anders Granhag
AffiliationUniversity of Gothenburg — Sweden
Publications25 peer-reviewed studies in this database
Active period2002–2019
Research focusDeception detection, investigative interviewing, and the Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique

About Pär Anders Granhag

Pär Anders Granhag is a Professor of Psychology at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, where he received his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees. In 2000, he became the Founding Director of the research unit for Criminal, Legal, and Investigative Psychology, and has for 30 years conducted research on deception detection, interview and interrogation techniques, and investigative psychology. He has published over 200 scientific reports on topics relating to deception detection.

Granhag is internationally recognized as the co-developer of the Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique, a groundbreaking interrogation method that has fundamentally changed how investigators approach suspect interviews. The SUE technique has pioneered a new line of research centering on strategic ways of interviewing suspects in order to elicit cues to truth and deception. The technique focuses on the strategic timing and disclosure of evidence during interviews to detect inconsistencies in suspects' statements, moving away from confrontational approaches toward information-gathering methods. Officers trained in SUE achieved a higher deception detection accuracy rate (65%) compared to untrained interviewers (43%).

He is the author/editor of ten books, including Detection of Deception in Forensic Contexts (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004) and Detecting Deception: Current Challenges and Cognitive Approaches (Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 2015). He is the past President of the European Association of Psychology and Law, and the past editor of Applied Cognitive Psychology. Granhag has been cited by over 11,000 publications, reflecting his profound influence on the field. His work has been adopted internationally by law enforcement and intelligence agencies seeking evidence-based interrogation methods.

He has published extensively in the field of legal and criminological psychology, particularly on deception and eyewitness testimony, and conducts training of law-enforcement personnel. His work spans multiple disciplines including investigative psychology, forensic psychology, and human intelligence gathering, bridging the gap between psychological research and practical application in criminal justice settings. Granhag frequently collaborates with Maria Hartwig, with whom he has co-authored numerous influential studies on deception detection and interrogation strategies.

Research methodology profile

Laboratory · 14 Meta-Analysis · 3 Survey · 2 Systematic Review · 1

Research areas

Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection 17 Training, Standards & Professional Practice 2 Foundational & Historical Research 2 Meta-Analyses & Systematic Reviews 1

Co-author network

Researchers who have co-authored studies with Pär Anders Granhag.

Publications [25]

All peer-reviewed studies by Pär Anders Granhag in our database.

[001] 2019 Annual Review of Psychology

Reading Lies: Nonverbal Communication and Deception

Only 14 of 50 nonverbal cues (28%) showed significant relationships with deception, with effect sizes typically small (largest d = -0.55). People achieve only 54% accuracy in lie-truth judgments, barely… Meta-Analyses & Systematic Reviews Meta-Analysis Systematic Review
[002] 2016 Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology

Training in the Strategic Use of Evidence technique: Improving deception detection accuracy of American law enforcement officers

SUE-trained interviewers achieved 65% deception detection accuracy compared to 43% for untrained interviewers, representing a 22 percentage point improvement and a medium-to-large effect size (d=0.72). Trained officers successfully implemented strategic… Training, Standards & Professional Practice Laboratory
[003] 2015 Deception Detection: Current Challenges and New Directions

The strategic use of evidence technique: A conceptual overview

The SUE technique, grounded in the psychology of instrumental mind reading and counter-interrogation strategies, has demonstrated substantially improved deception detection accuracy (85.4% for trained vs. 56.1% for untrained interviewers in… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection
[004] 2015 Deception Detection: Current Challenges and New Directions

The Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique: A conceptual overview

The SUE technique produces large effect sizes in distinguishing guilty from innocent suspects (d = 1.83) through statement-evidence inconsistencies, with trained interviewers achieving 65-85% accuracy compared to 43-56% for untrained… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection
[005] 2015 Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

Detecting Deception: Current Challenges and Cognitive Approaches

Cognitive approaches successfully detected simulation across multiple clinical domains by examining knowledge accuracy and strategic behavior patterns. Detection success depends on the extent of the deceiver's knowledge about the condition… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection
[006] 2014 Investigative interviewing

The inconsistent suspect: A systematic review of different types of consistency in truth tellers and liars

[007] 2014 Credibility Assessment: Scientific Research and Applications

Strategic use of evidence during investigative interviews: The state of the science

Statement-evidence inconsistencies represent one of the strongest cues to deception in the literature (effect size d = 1.83), and trained interviewers using SUE achieved 65% deception detection accuracy compared to… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Meta-Analysis Laboratory
[008] 2014 Applied Cognitive Psychology

How awareness of possible evidence induces forthcoming counter-interrogation strategies

When alerted to possible evidence from surveillance cameras, guilty suspects polarized into extremely withholding or extremely forthcoming verbal strategies, while innocent suspects remained consistently forthcoming regardless of evidence awareness. Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[009] 2013 Legal and Criminological Psychology

Eliciting cues to deception by tactical disclosure of evidence: The first test of the Evidence Framing Matrix

SUE-Incremental elicited strong cues to deception, especially for statement-evidence inconsistency. Late disclosure was more effective than early disclosure, and stepwise disclosure was more effective than direct disclosure. Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[010] 2013 Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology

Interviewing to elicit cues to deception: Improving strategic use of evidence with general-to-specific framing of evidence

General-to-specific evidence framing effectively discriminated between guilty and innocent suspects through differential patterns of statement-evidence inconsistency, though results only partially supported the hypotheses. Gradual disclosure strategies successfully induced guilty suspects… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[011] 2013 Legal and Criminological Psychology

Two heads are better than one? How to effectively use two interviewers to elicit cues to deception

Truth tellers provided significantly more detail than liars only in the supportive second interviewer condition, despite participants looking at the second interviewer less than 10% of the time. Liars displayed… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[012] 2012 Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

Eliciting cues to deception and truth: What matters are the questions asked

The paper presents a conceptual framework proposing that researchers should focus on interview protocols that actively create differences between liars and truth-tellers rather than searching for spontaneous behavioral cues. Three… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Meta-Analysis
[013] 2012 Journal of Nonverbal Behavior

Windows to the Soul? Deliberate Eye Contact as a Cue to Deceit

Liars displayed significantly more deliberate eye contact than truth tellers as an impression management strategy, whereas gaze aversion showed no difference between groups. This finding challenges the widely held belief… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection
[014] 2010 The Open Criminology Journal

Impression and information management: On the strategic self-regulation of innocent and guilty suspects

Liars and truth tellers reported equal planning of demeanor and nonverbal behavior, but guilty suspects engaged substantially more in information management strategies, including preparing explanations for incriminating facts. Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[015] 2010 Psychological Science in the Public Interest

Pitfalls and Opportunities in Nonverbal and Verbal Lie Detection

[016] 2008 Psychology, Crime & Law

A new theoretical perspective on deception detection: On the psychology of instrumental mind-reading

The paper presents differential behavioral predictions for guilty versus innocent suspects, including that innocent suspects rarely prepare strategies and believe in the visibility of innocence, while guilty suspects employ diverse… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[017] 2007 Psychology, Crime & Law

Guilty and innocent suspects' strategies during police interrogations

Guilty suspects reported significantly higher use of strategic impression management (detailed storytelling, consistency, avoiding direct lies) compared to innocent suspects. The Strategic Use of Evidence (SUE) technique improved interrogators' accuracy… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Survey
[018] 2006 Psychology, Crime & Law

To act truthfully: Nonverbal behaviour and strategies during a police interrogation

No differences in nonverbal behaviors distinguished liars from truth tellers during lengthy, high-stakes police interrogations, despite liars experiencing greater internal stress. Both groups adopted similar behavioral control strategies, with the… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[019] 2005 Law and Human Behavior

Detecting deception via strategic disclosure of evidence

Late disclosure of evidence improved overall detection accuracy to 61.7% compared to 42.9% for early disclosure. Deceptive statements were identified with 67.6% accuracy in the late disclosure condition, demonstrating the… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[020] 2004 Cambridge University Press

Deception Detection in Forensic Contexts

The volume documented that intensive recent research had produced substantial new knowledge about cross-cultural deception, simulated amnesia, false confessions, and lie-detection training. Research reviewed suggested polygraph accuracy of approximately 90%… Foundational & Historical Research Laboratory
[021] 2004 Cambridge University Press

The detection of deception in forensic contexts

The volume documents that deception detection research had shifted from merely assessing detection ability toward enhancing performance. Polygraph testing shows approximately 90% accuracy in forensic settings according to reviewed research,… Foundational & Historical Research Laboratory
[022] 2004 Psychology, Crime and Law

Suspicious minds: Criminals' ability to detect deception

[023] 2003 Psychology, Crime & Law

How to Detect Deception? Arresting the Beliefs of Police Officers, Prosecutors and Judges

All three professional groups held beliefs about deception detection that contradicted scientific research, with most relying on nonverbal cues like gaze aversion and body movements that have no reliable relationship… Training, Standards & Professional Practice Survey
[024] 2003 Journal of Applied Social Psychology

Partners in crime: How liars in collusion betray themselves

Lying pair members were more consistent between themselves than truth-telling pair members, while individual liars and truth tellers showed equal within-person consistency over time. Truth tellers made more commissions (new… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory
[025] 2002 Applied Cognitive Psychology

Repeated interrogations: Verbal and non-verbal cues to deception

Liars displayed significantly fewer smiles, self-manipulations, pauses, and less gaze aversion than truth-tellers, with these differences increasing over time. Contrary to conventional wisdom, truthful and deceptive statements were equally consistent… Verbal & Behavioral Deception Detection Laboratory

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